According to the New York Times, 10 percent of the NBA--45 current players--took classes during this past off-season. Debbie Rothstein, director for career development for the NBA union, told the Times that number is much higher than it has been in the past, although the union has just begun officially tracking the data this year.
How does this affect current student-athletes? Teams can recoup a point lost when a student-athlete departs early, so if an NBA athlete returns to the institution he left and completes his undergraduate degree, the school's Academic Performance Rate (APR) could improve. An institution's APR can affect a program's scholarships and ability to compete in the post-season and is something that is closely monitored by the university's administration and the NCAA.
While basketball has become a profession for some elite athletes, many of them realize the value of an education and the need for an alternate career due to the ephemeral nature of a career as a professional athlete.
The article cites a Sports Illustrated report done in March that found, "an estimated 60 percent of N.B.A. players are broke within five years of retiring, and 78 percent of N.F.L. players are bankrupt or under financial stress because of joblessness or divorce within two years."
Because each professional sport has different age requirements--you must be 18 to compete in Major League Baseball, 19 in the NBA and be three years removed from high school to compete in the NFL--the educational backgrounds of participants vary. For example, half of the NFL's players have college degrees whereas about 21 percent of NBA players have an undergraduate degree. This is in part a result of the NFL's three-year requirement in comparison to the NBA's single year rule.
Interestingly enough, MLB players--many of whom are drafted directly out of high school--are provided support from the Professional Baseball Scholarship Plan and between 1962 and 1999, 69.2 percent of its players returned to school.